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基于增量動力分析的砌體結構地震疏散仿真研究

Simulation Research on Earthquake Evacuation of Masonry Structures Based on Incremental Dynamic Analysis

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丁瑤¹ , 徐子祺², 梁智超² , 秦天一³

( 1 . 陜西工業職業技術學院，陜西咸陽 712000 ; 2. 河南省地震局，河南鄭州 450018 ;

3 . 河南省交通科技研究院，河南鄭州 450015)

摘要：為研究地震作用下處于砌體結構房屋內人員的疏散能力，選取西安市城中村一棟典型砌體結構居民樓為研究對象。采用增量動力分析 ( IDA , incremental dynamic analysis) , 使用有限元軟件對該居民樓建模，輸入 20 條地震波進行時程分析，得到了在地震作用下每層的 IDA 曲線簇，找出在 8 度基本設防烈度地震和罕遇地震作用下各樓層的倒塌時間，這也就是人員可用的有效逃生時間，兩者對比可以看出人員的傷亡情況。結果表明：在 8 度基本設防烈度地震作用下，疏散人員所需的安全逃生時間比罕遇地震所需逃生時間少 10 s , RSET 為 85 s 至 95 s ; 砌體結構首層最先發生倒塌，頂層最后倒塌，ASET 為 8 . 72 s 至 10. 89 s ; 有效逃生時間遠小于安全逃生時間，不滿足安全逃生的條件，地震將會造成大量人員傷亡。

關鍵詞：砌體結構；社會力模型；增量動力分析；所需逃生時間 ( RSET) ; 可用有效逃生時間 ( ASET)

中圖分類號：TU362

文獻標志碼：A

文章編號：1005- 8249 (2024) 01- 0155- 08

DOI : 10. 19860/j . cnki . issn1005- 8249. 2024. 01 . 027

DING Yao ¹ , XU Ziqi² , LIANG Zhichao², QIN Tianyi³

( 1 . Shaanxi Industrial Vocational and Technical College , Xianyang 712000 , China;

2. Earthquake Administration of Henan Province , Zhengzhou 450018 , China;

3 . Henan Provincial Institute of Transportation Science and Technology , Zhengzhou 450015 , China)

Abstract:In order to study the evacuation ability of people in a masonry structure building under earthquake action, a typical masonry structure residential building in Chengzhong village of Xi 'an city was selected as the research object. incremental dynamic analysis (IDA) was used to model the residential building with finite element software, and 20 seismic waves were input for time history analysis. IDA curve clusters of each floor under earthquake action were obtained. Find out the collapse time of each floor under the action of 8 degree basic fortification intensity earthquake and rare earthquake, which is the ASET, and the comparison of the two can see the casualties of personnel. The results show that under 8 degree earthquake, the evacuation time is 10s less than that under rare earthquake, and the RSET is 85s to 95s. The first floor of masonry structure collapses first, and the top floor collapses last, with ASET ranging from 8.72s to 10.89s. The ASET is far less than RSET, does not meet the conditions of safe escape, the earthquake will cause a large number of casualties.

Keywords: masonry structure; social force model; incremental dynamic analysis; RSET; ASET

作者簡介：丁瑤 ( 1993—) , 女，碩士研究生，主要研究方向：地震人群疏散仿真。

收稿日期：2023- 06-28