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田   靖 ，左嘉源 ，郝翠彩 ，劉少亮

 

（ 河北省建筑科學研究院有限公司 ，河北 石家莊 050227)

摘   要 ：鑒于建筑用能全面電氣化是實現零碳 、低碳運行的最佳途徑，根據供暖、炊事、生活熱水現狀調研分析零碳建筑電氣化，分別通過居住建筑和公共建筑工程實例進行供暖、炊事、生活熱水有無電氣化的碳減排計算，進而研究零碳建筑電氣化潛力，得出采用高效的空氣源熱泵制熱可以有效降低建筑供暖的碳排放， 電炊具比燃氣炊具產生更多的碳排放，采用電熱水器碳排放高于燃氣熱水器，但采用空氣源熱泵熱水器、太陽能 等方式能有效降低碳排放。同時，分析了 “雙碳 ”目標下零碳建筑電氣化中存在的問題，如在超高溫熱泵 、大容量高溫熱泵、超大容量熱泵領域有待深入開展研發，能源價格體系改革等，最后提出零碳建筑電氣化未來技術展望。

關鍵詞：零碳建筑 ；電氣化 ；供暖 ；熱泵 ；炊事 ；生活熱水

中圖分類號：TU855            

文獻標志碼：A           

文章編號： 1005- 8249   (2024)  05- 0125- 05 

DOI:10. 19860/j.cnki.issn1005 - 8249.2024.05 .023

 

TIAN Jing ,  ZUO Jiayuan ,  HAO Cuicai ,  LIU Shaoliang

(Hebei Academy of Building Research Co. ，Ltd. ，Shijiazhuang 050227 ,  China)

Abstract：In view of the fact that the comprehensive electrification of building energy is the best way to achieve zero-carbon and low-carbon operation, the electrification of zero-carbon buildings is analyzed according to the investigation of the current situation of heating, cooking and domestic hot water, and the carbon emission reduction of heating, cooking and domestic hot water is calculated through the examples of residential buildings and public buildings respectively, and then the electrification potential of zero-carbon buildings is studied. It is concluded that the use of efficient air source heat pump heating can effectively reduce the carbon emissions of building heating, electric cookers produce more carbon emissions than gas cookers, the use of electric water heater carbon emissions are higher than gas water heaters, but the use of air source heat pump water heater, solar energy and other ways can effectively reduce carbon emissions. At the same time, the paper analyzes the problems existing in the electrification of zero carbon buildings under the goal of "double carbon", such as the need for in-depth research and development in the field of ultra-high temperature heat pump, large capacity high temperature heat pump, super capacity heat pump, energy price system reform, and finally puts forward the future technology outlook of zero carbon building electrification.Based on the investigation and analysis of the current situation of heating, cooking and domestic hot water, the electrification paths of zero-carbon buildings are analyzed, and the carbon emission reduction of heating, cooking and domestic hot water is calculated respectively through engineering examples, and then the electrification potential of zero-carbon buildings is studied. It is concluded that the use of efficient air source heat pump for heating can effectively reduce the carbon emission of building heating, and electric cookers produce more carbon emissions than gas cookers. The carbon emission of electric water heaters is higher than that of gas water heaters, but the use of air source heat pump water heaters, solar energy and other ways can effectively reduce carbon emissions. At the same time, the paper analyzes the problems existing in the electrification of zero carbon buildings under the goal of "double carbon", such as the need for in-depth research and development in the field of ultra-high temperature heat pump, large capacity high temperature heat pump, super capacity heat pump, energy price system reform, and finally puts forward the future technology outlook of zero carbon building electrification.

Keywords：zero carbon building; electrification;heating; heat pump; cooking; domestic hot water

*基金項目：住房和城鄉建設部研究開發項目  (2022- K- 124) ;  河北省重點研發計劃  (22374501 D) ;  河北省建設科技研究項目 (2023- 2108) 。

作者簡介： 田   靖  (1988—) , 女，碩士，高級工程師，研究方向：節能建筑（ 超低能耗建筑 、綠色建筑）研究。 

通信作者：左嘉源  (1993—) ,  男，碩士，工程師，研究方向：節能建筑（ 超低能耗建筑、綠色建筑） 研究。

收稿日期：2023- 07- 19