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蔡 林 ,王桂堯 ,鄭 濤 ,劉劍航
(長沙理工大學 土木工程學院 ,長沙 410114)
摘 要 :為系統揭示側向剛度對巖體強度劣化及裂紋擴展機制的影響規律 ,引入初始損傷系數 γ開展含預制裂紋系統試樣的雙軸壓縮試驗。試驗結果表明:側向約束剛度對裂紋誘導的強度折損具有顯著抑制作用 ,且抑制效應隨側向約束剛度和初始損傷系數 (0. 07 ~ 0. 64) 的增大呈非線性增長趨勢 ;側向約束剛度可以提升巖體起裂應力閾值 ,促進次生裂紋萌生 ,但翼型裂紋抑制效應受裂紋傾角調控 ;側向約束剛度可約束巖體變形,驅動巖體破壞性質由脆性破壞向塑性破壞轉變 ;側向約束剛度促使試樣破壞模式由彎折壓潰破壞向直接壓潰破壞轉變。探明了側向剛度對巖體力學行為及裂紋擴展行為的作用規律 ,提出了側向約束剛度—裂紋傾角—初始損傷程度耦合模型 ,為隧道 、礦山等支護結構變剛度設計提供了理論支撐 ,推動支護結構向動態支護發展。
關鍵詞:側向剛度 ;損傷巖體 ;巖體強度 ;雙軸壓縮 ;裂紋擴展
中圖分類號:TU45 文獻標志碼:A 文章編號: 1005- 8249 (2026) 01- 0156- 13
DOI:10. 19860/j.cnki.issn1005 - 8249.2026.01 .027
CAI Lin , WANG Guiyao , ZHENG Tao , LIU Jianhang
(School of Civil Engineering , Changsha University of Science and Technology , Changsha 410114 , China)
Abstract : As significant support forms in engineering , flexible and rigid supports are widely employed , and their mechanical effects are closely associated with the stiffness characteristics of the support structure . To systematically disclose the influence rules of lateral stiffness on the strength deterioration and crack propagation mechanism of the rock mass , the initial damage coefficient ( γ) was introduced to represent the initial damage degree of the prefabricated crack system specimens . Based on the self - developed test device with adjustable lateral constraint stiffness , biaxial compression tests on the specimens with prefabricated crack systems were conducted . The test results indicate that : The total lateral stiffness has a remarkable inhibitory effect on the strength loss induced by cracks , and the inhibitory effect shows a nonlinear growth trend with the increase of lateral constraint stiffness and the initial damage coefficient (0. 07 - 0. 64) ; The lateral constraint stiffness can enhance the crack initiation stress threshold of the rock mass and facilitate the initiation of secondary cracks , but the inhibitory effect on the wing - shaped cracks is regulated by the crack inclination angle; The lateral constraint stiffness can constrain the deformation of the rock mass and drive the failure nature of the rock mass to transform from brittle failure to plastic failure; The lateral constraint stiffness prompts the failure mode of the specimens to change from bending and crushing failure to direct crushing failure . The
research reveals the evolution law of the rock mass strength and the transformation mechanism of the failure mode under the coupling effect of lateral constraint stiffness and initial damage , and establishes the mapping relationship among support stiffness , initial damage coefficient , and failure mode , providing a theoretical basis for the design of support structures and the assessment of surrounding rock stability.
Key words : lateral stiffness; damaged rock mass; rock mass strength; biaxial compression; crack propagation
作者簡介:蔡 林 (2000—) , 男 ,碩士 ,研究方向:巖土工程。
通信作者: 王桂堯 (1963—) , 男 ,博士 ,教授 ,研究方向:巖土工程與邊坡工程。
收稿日期:2025 - 03 - 29
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